On the Formalization of Z-Transform in HOL

System analysis based on difference or recurrence equations is the most fundamental technique to analyze biological, electronic, control and signal processing systems. Z-transform is one of the most popular tool to solve such difference equations. In this paper, we present the formalization of Z-transform to extend the formal linear system analysis capabilities using theorem proving. In particular, we use differential, transcendental and topological theories of multivariate calculus to formally define Z-transform in higher-order logic and reason about the correctness of its properties, such as linearity, time shifting and scaling in z-domain. To illustrate the practical effectiveness of the proposed formalization, we present the formal analysis of an infinite impulse response (IIR) digital signal processing filter.